Cytological Detection of Iron Overload and Cytomorphometric Changes in buccal Mucosa of Βeta Thalassemia Major Patients

Aim: In this study, the phenomenon of oral exfoliative cytology is explored and buccal squamous cells are examined for intracytoplasmic, Prussian blue stained, iron containing granules. addition, these subjected to morphometric measurements their nuclear cytoplasmic diameter along with ratios. Methods: It was a Descriptive, Cross sectional study including 120patients Thalassemia Major, ranging from 4 -18 years repeated blood transfusions serum ferritin level 1000ng/ml at minimum. Scrapings were obtained mucosa cytological examination stained Blue Stain. Results: The included 45 female 75 male patients mean age 11.04(± 3.81) years. 56out 120 positive thus showed 46.6% positivity. 50.90 (± 0.64) microns 9.31(±0.53) microns. Mean Nuclear (NC) ratio 0.182(± 0.01) ranged 0.165 0.211 Conclusion: positivity in our clearly less than most quoted figures while alterations features quite consistent reported data. we observed granules not only cytoplasm but also on surface like clue cell dispersed outside cell, individually or discrete clusters as faint bluish hue background. Keywords: Iron overload, Cytomorphometry, smear, blue, Beta